Adding and subtracting polynomials, step by step

Adding polynomials is collecting like terms with more kinds of term to collect.

The question

Write the answer as a polynomial.

(x + 9)(x + 1)

(x + 9)(x + 1)
+x
+9x+9
x + 9x = 10x
=x² + 10x + 9
  1. Two brackets means every term in the first has to meet every term in the second — two times two is FOUR multiplications, not two. Miss one and the x term comes out short.
  2. x × x = x², and x × 1 = x.
  3. Then the other one: 9 × x = 9x, and 9 × 1 = 9.
  4. Two of those four are x terms, so they collect: x + 9x = 10x. The answer is x² + 10x + 9.

How it works.

  1. 01

    Two brackets means every term in the first has to meet every term in the second — two times two is FOUR multiplications, not two. Miss one and the x term comes out short.

  2. 02

    x × x = x², and x × 1 = x.

  3. 03

    Then the other one: 9 × x = 9x, and 9 × 1 = 9.

  4. 04

    Two of those four are x terms, so they collect: x + 9x = 10x. The answer is x² + 10x + 9.