Systems of three equations worksheets

Three equations and three unknowns is two equations and two unknowns with one more step in front. These free printable worksheets give three equations in x, y and z with room to work, and an answer sheet that shows every step.

Systems of three equations
Systems of three equations worksheet — Three unknowns, whole answers, free printable with answer key

The answer key prints on a separate page.

What's on this sheet

The plan never changes. Take one letter out of two different pairs of equations, which leaves two equations in two letters. Solve those the way a student already knows how. Then put the values back to find the letter removed at the start. Numbering the equations (1), (2) and (3) keeps the page readable, since each new line can say where it came from.

Why this sheet works

Every answer is a whole number and the numbers stay manageable, so the challenge is organization rather than arithmetic. The most common error is using the same pair twice, which leaves two equations that cannot finish the job. The two pairs have to bring in all three of the original equations.

How this one works

x + y − 2z = −3; −3x + y − z = 0; 3x − y + 2z = 3

(1) x + y − 2z = −3
(2) −3x + y − z = 0
(3) 3x − y + 2z = 3
(4) 3 × (1) + (2): 4y − 7z = −9
(5) [3 × (1) − (3)] ÷ 4: y − 2z = −3
(6) (4) − 4 × (5): z = 3
y = 3
x = 0
  1. Number the three equations so each step can say which it used.
  2. Take x out of two different pairs. That leaves two equations with only y and z in them.
  3. Now take y out of those two. Only z is left, so its value is one division away.
  4. Put z = 3 into (4) to find y, then both into (1) to find x.