Completing the square, step by step

Completing the square rewrites a quadratic as a square plus a number.

The question

Complete the square: x² − 6x + 24

x² − 6x + 24

−6 ÷ 2 = −3
(x − 3)² = x² − 6x + 9
x² − 6x + 24 = (x − 3)² + 15
  1. Halve the middle coefficient. Half of −6 is −3, and that number goes straight into the bracket — sign and all.
  2. But (x − 3)² is not the expression yet. Multiply it out and it brings a 9 along with it, and the original has 24 there instead.
  3. So give the 9 back: 24 − 9 = 15. That is the number that goes after the bracket.

How it works.

  1. 01

    Halve the middle coefficient. Half of −6 is −3, and that number goes straight into the bracket — sign and all.

  2. 02

    But (x − 3)² is not the expression yet. Multiply it out and it brings a 9 along with it, and the original has 24 there instead.

  3. 03

    So give the 9 back: 24 − 9 = 15. That is the number that goes after the bracket.