Distributive property, step by step

Multiplying out a bracket means the number outside reaches everything inside it, not just the first thing.

The question

Multiply out the bracket.

3(4 + 4x)

3(4 + 4x)
3 × 4=12
3 × 4x=12x
12x+12
  1. The 3 outside multiplies EVERYTHING inside the bracket, not just the thing next to it. Draw an arrow from the 3 to each of the two terms before working anything out — that is what stops one of them being left behind.
  2. First arrow: 3 × 4 = 12.
  3. Second arrow: 3 × 4x = 12x.
  4. Put the two together: 12x + 12. Check it by putting a small number in for x on both forms — they should agree, because they are the same amount written two ways.

How it works.

  1. 01

    The 3 outside multiplies EVERYTHING inside the bracket, not just the thing next to it. Draw an arrow from the 3 to each of the two terms before working anything out — that is what stops one of them being left behind.

  2. 02

    First arrow: 3 × 4 = 12.

  3. 03

    Second arrow: 3 × 4x = 12x.

  4. 04

    Put the two together: 12x + 12. Check it by putting a small number in for x on both forms — they should agree, because they are the same amount written two ways.