Multiplication word problems, step by step

Multiplication word problems teach the idea before the times tables carry it: several equal groups, combined.

The question

How many ration packs does Sato have in all?

Sato filled 6 crates with 9 ration packs in each. Sato also keeps 4 spare parts.
Sato filled 6 crates with 9 ration packs in each. Sato also keeps 4 spare parts.
numbers:69
6 × 9
asked:How many ration packs does Sato have in all?
6 × 9 =54
54 ration packs
  1. Read it through once. Grabbing the numbers on the first read means choosing an operation before you know the story, and that choice is the only hard part of a word problem.
  2. Now the numbers: 6 and 9. Finding them is not the same as knowing what to do with them — that comes next, and it comes from the story rather than from the numbers.
  3. Equal groups, and you are told how many groups and how big each one is — that is a multiplication, and adding the two numbers is the mistake the story is set up to catch. So this one is a multiplication: 6 × 9.
  4. 6 × 9 = 54 ration packs. And answer the question that was ASKED — "How many ration packs does Sato have in all?" — in ration packs, because the sum on its own is not yet an answer.

How it works.

  1. 01

    Read it through once. Grabbing the numbers on the first read means choosing an operation before you know the story, and that choice is the only hard part of a word problem.

  2. 02

    Now the numbers: 6 and 9. Finding them is not the same as knowing what to do with them — that comes next, and it comes from the story rather than from the numbers.

  3. 03

    Equal groups, and you are told how many groups and how big each one is — that is a multiplication, and adding the two numbers is the mistake the story is set up to catch. So this one is a multiplication: 6 × 9.

  4. 04

    6 × 9 = 54 ration packs. And answer the question that was ASKED — "How many ration packs does Sato have in all?" — in ration packs, because the sum on its own is not yet an answer.