Subtraction within 20, step by step

Subtraction within 20 helps children move from counting back to using number bonds and make-ten strategies.

The question

15 − 6

156
155=10
6=5+1
101=9
  1. 15 − 6. The ones cannot cover it — 5 is less than 6 — so drop to the ten below first.
  2. 15 − 5 = 10. That used 5 of the 6, leaving 1 still to take.
  3. Then the rest off the ten: 10 − 1 = 9.

How it works.

  1. 01

    15 − 6. The ones cannot cover it — 5 is less than 6 — so drop to the ten below first.

  2. 02

    15 − 5 = 10. That used 5 of the 6, leaving 1 still to take.

  3. 03

    Then the rest off the ten: 10 − 1 = 9.