Pascal's triangle · 10 rows
Start with 1. Every inside number is the sum of the two touching it above — one small rule that grows into symmetry, powers of two, combinations, and number patterns.

Reference chart
Pascal's triangle · 10 rows
Build each row: add the two numbers touching above.
What's on this chart
Pascal's triangle is useful because it can be rebuilt instead of memorized. The ones form the two outside edges; between them, each number comes from adding the pair directly above. If a row is lost, the row before it is enough to make it again.
Why this chart helps
Read across and the triangle is symmetrical. Add a whole row and the totals double — 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 — the powers of two hiding in plain sight. Follow the shallow diagonals and the counting numbers appear, followed by triangular numbers. Those patterns make the page worth revisiting at several grade levels.
