Free · Ready to print · Letter & A4
Roman numerals
Need a roman numerals within reach? Print it for the wall, or make a fact-list version to fill in.
- Letter & A4 ready
- Nothing to fill in
- Reprint it any time
Reference chart
Roman numerals
The seven symbols
- I1
- V5
- X10
- L50
- C100
- D500
- M1,000
1 to 20
| 1 | I | 11 | XI |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | II | 12 | XII |
| 3 | III | 13 | XIII |
| 4 | IV | 14 | XIV |
| 5 | V | 15 | XV |
| 6 | VI | 16 | XVI |
| 7 | VII | 17 | XVII |
| 8 | VIII | 18 | XVIII |
| 9 | IX | 19 | XIX |
| 10 | X | 20 | XX |
Tens and hundreds
| 10 | X | 200 | CC |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | XX | 300 | CCC |
| 30 | XXX | 400 | CD |
| 40 | XL | 500 | D |
| 50 | L | 600 | DC |
| 60 | LX | 700 | DCC |
| 70 | LXX | 800 | DCCC |
| 80 | LXXX | 900 | CM |
| 90 | XC | 1,000 | M |
| 100 | C |
How to put them together
- A bigger symbol first means add.VIII = 5 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 8
- A smaller symbol first means subtract.IX = 10 − 1 = 9
- Never write the same symbol four times in a row.40 is XL, not XXXX
What's on this chart
This chart teaches the system rather than listing a hundred answers, because the system is smaller than the list and lasts longer. Seven symbols and three rules will get a child to any number they need; a flat table of 1 to 100 gives them the answers without ever showing them how the answers were made, and stops being useful the moment someone asks for 400.
Why this chart helps
The two number blocks are the two halves that get combined. Read XL off the tens and VII off the counting numbers and you have written 47 without anyone having listed it. That is the whole method, and a child who does it twice tends not to need the page again except to check.
More printable charts
- Multiplication table The whole times table on one page, from 1×1 to 12×12. Print this chart
- Addition table Every addition fact from 0+0 to 10+10 in one grid. Print this chart
- Subtraction table A subtraction chart built the way children actually read one: find the number you start with on the left, follow the row across to what you are taking away, and the answer is sitting there. Print this chart
- Division table Every division fact to 12, set out as twelve families rather than a grid. Print this chart
- Hundreds chart One hundred numbers in ten neat rows — the most useful single page in early math. Print this chart
- Number bonds to 10 Every pair that makes ten, drawn as counters as well as numbers. Print this chart
- Fraction wall One whole, then the same width cut into halves, thirds, quarters, and on down to twelfths. Print this chart
- Place value chart Every column is worth ten times the one to its right — ones, tens, hundreds, and up to hundred thousands — with the number 453,027 placed in so the columns are more than labels. Print this chart
- Number line 0–20 A clean 0 to 20 number line — the model behind counting on, adding, subtracting, and the first place rounding to the nearest ten makes visual sense. Print this chart
- Prime numbers to 50 The fifteen primes below fifty, marked on a grid of ten. Print this chart
- Prime numbers to 100 All twenty-five primes below a hundred, marked on a grid of ten. Print this chart
- Prime numbers to 150 Every prime up to 150, marked on a grid of ten. Print this chart
- Prime numbers to 200 The full range to 200 on a grid of ten, every prime marked. Print this chart
- Factors chart Every factor of every number up to fifty, written out. Print this chart
- Divisibility rules Seven tests a child can run in their head, so "does 4 go into this?" stops being a long-division problem. Print this chart
- Fraction, decimal & percent The same amount written three ways — as a fraction, a decimal, and a percent — for the values a child meets most. Print this chart
- Fraction rules Six sentences that decide whether a fraction answer is right before any arithmetic happens. Print this chart
- Measurement conversions Length, weight, capacity, and time — metric and customary — on one page, ending with the bit children actually get wrong: whether to multiply or divide. Print this chart
